When you call for emergency service

Imagine a scenario, while you walking on the street, you encounter an accident, involving multiple vehicles, and the scene is bloody. And you call the 999 service in M'sia, what is the 1st thing you gonna say? What happen? How many people involved? Dr. Chew has posted a useful mnemonics in his blog. When you call next time, just remember use the mnemonic ETHANE.
What' does ETHANE stand for?

E = Exact Location - The precise location of the incident

T = Type - The nature of the incident (trauma, non-trauma, heart atack, motor-vehicle accident), including how many vehicles, buildings etc. are involved

H = Hazards - Both present and potential (e.g., explosion, spillage of combustible materials, highly volatile hydrocarbons, chemicals, etc)

A = Access - Best route for emergency services to access the site, or obstructions and bottlenecks to avoid

N = Numbers - Numbers of Casualties, Dead and Uninjured on scene

E = Existing Emergency Services - Which services are already on scene, and which others are required - s0 as not to duplicate services, and for better utilization of services in other concurrently emergency happenings.

Remember this mnemonic and make a proper call to the ambulance service in case you need to in the future. You will never know that by providing accurate and necessary information, you might save a life/lives !By the way, don't make prank calls!

Mnemonics : Risk factors for IHD & Complications of MI

Came across these 2 mnemonics in the book , Pathology SECRETS 2nd edition, by Ivan Damjanov.

1. Risk factors of IHD - has lipids

• H Hereditary
• A Age
• S Sex (male)
• L Lipidemia
• I Increased weight (obesity)
• P Pressure (arterial)
• I Inactivity (sedentary lifestyle)
• D Diabetes
  
• S Smoking

2. Complications of MI - appearance

• A Arrhythmia
• P Pump failure
• P Pericarditis
  
• E Extension of the infarct
• A Asystole (Heart block or VF)
  
• R Rupture (free wall of the ventricle, septum, or papillary muscle)
• A Aneurysms of the ventricle
• N Nervousness (fear of reinfarction)
• C Coagulation problems (mural thrombosis)
• E Emboli
  

p/s : all the best to fellow friends who have internal diseases and obstetrics exam tomorrow.

Modified version of 4Ts

Modified version of 4Ts as suggeted by Darren :

1. Tone (75% of cases)
2. Tissue (15%)
3. Trauma (5-10%)
4. Takes too long to clot / coagulopathy.

Modifications include :
1. Causes are arranged from the commonest to the least.
2. Thrombosis is changed to Takes too long to clot / coagulopathy.

Thanks Darren for his suggestion :-)

4 Ts - for postpartum hemorrhage (PPH)

To remember causes of PPH, just gotta remember 4 Ts

1. T - trauma - e.g laceration of cervix, uterus
   
2. T - tissue - e.g retained placental tissue, placenta accreta
   
3. T - tone - e.g atonia / hypotonia of uterus
4. T - thrombosis - e.g coagulopathy

Any1 wish to add, jz leave a comment.
Any mistakes, jz correct me.

TRAP men after 60 ?

TRAP men after 60? Hehe...what do you people think it's? Just wanna share a mnemonics i thought of while studying Parkinson disease for my neuro exam.

Parkinson Disease is characterized by :

• Tremors
• Rigidity
• Akinesia / hypokinesia
• Postural instability
  
• and usually affects men after 60 y.o

That's why TRAP men after 60.